[关键词]
[摘要]
许多眼科疾病的发生发展与遗传、环境两大因素密切相关，其中表观遗传修饰是连接遗传与环境因素的重要纽带，能够通过影响基因转录或翻译影响相关基因的表达水平，在眼病的发病进程中发挥作用。DNA甲基化修饰(DNA methylation)是表观遗传修饰的重要组成部分，通常由从头甲基化、维持甲基化和去甲基化三个过程调节，在调控基因表达方面具有重要意义。目前，研究人员发现DNA甲基化修饰在角膜内皮的损伤修复、线粒体动力学调控与糖尿病视网膜病变、氧化应激反应与白内障等眼科疾病中发挥重要作用，为相关眼病的治疗提供了新的思路。本文就DNA甲基化修饰在相关眼病发展进程中的作用研究进展进行简要综述，为眼病的筛查、诊断与治疗提供新的视角与方向。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The occurrence and development of many eye diseases are closely related to genetic and environmental factors, among which epigenetic modification is an important bridge connecting genetic and environmental factors. It can affect the levels of related genes by influencing gene transcription or translation, thereby playing a role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. DNA methylation is an important part of epigenetic modification which is usually regulated by three processes: de novo methylation, maintenance methylation, and demethylation, and plays an essential role in regulating gene expression. At present, researchers have conducted that DNA methylation plays an important role in repair of damage to corneal endothelium, mitochondrial dynamics regulation and diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress response and cataracts and other eye diseases, providing new ideas in the treatment of related ocular diseases. This study presented a brief review of the role of DNA methylation in the development of related ocular diseases and provided new perspectives and directions for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of eye diseases.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFC2702103,2019YFC1710203); 山东省重点研发计划项目(No.2019GSF108252)
