[关键词]
[摘要]
肥厚型脉络膜谱系疾病(PSD)是近年来被定义的一组具有相似脉络膜解剖学特点及相同病理过程的一组疾病，包括中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)、息肉样脉络膜血管病变(PCV)等。其主要特征是脉络膜各血管层厚度改变和血管通透性增强。随着以光学相干断层扫描血流成像(OCTA)为代表的现代眼科影像技术不断发展，使这类疾病脉络膜各血管层的变化得以更直观地呈现，从而对该谱系疾病发病机制研究有了新的认识。本文对健康人及PSD的共同临床特点进行归纳，对各种PSD的最新影像学发现进行综述。从遗传背景及解剖学结构等不同角度，讨论各型PSD是同一疾病不同阶段的表型还是类似特征的不同疾病。以期为该类疾病的发病机制、早期临床诊断及防治提供参考。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Pachychoroid spectrum diseases(PSD)have been defined as a group of diseases with similar choroidal features and pathological processes, such as central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV), etc. The main features are the changes in the thickness of vascular layers of the choroid and increasing vascular permeability. The development of modern ophthalmic imaging devices represented by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)allowed intuitive investigation of the changes in the choroidal vascular layers, which gives a new insight into the pathogenesis of this spectrum diseases. This article summarizes the common clinical characteristics of healthy individuals and PSD and reviews the latest imaging findings. Whether each type of PSD is a phenotype of the same disease at different stages or other with similar characteristics was discussed from different perspectives, such as genetic background and anatomical structure, providing a reference for the study of pathogenesis, early clinical diagnosis, and prevention and treatment of this disease.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
2022年度广州市基础研究计划市校(院)联合资助基础与应用基础研究项目(No.202201020026)
