[关键词]
[摘要]
干眼(dry eye，DE)是一种由多种因素介导，发病机制复杂的常见慢性眼表疾病。干眼致病因素主要包括免疫炎症，氧化应激，泪膜成分的改变，角膜神经异常和睑板腺功能障碍等。其中，免疫炎症反应是干眼发病机制中最为关键的环节，由眼表的天然免疫和获得性免疫反应共同调节。多种环境应激引发眼表天然免疫反应导致上皮细胞损伤和炎症，并激活获得性免疫参与眼表免疫炎症反应。目前已发现多种免疫细胞以及炎症因子参与了DE的发生和发展。本文就DE的免疫机制研究进展进行综述，并重点探讨获得性免疫在DE的启动与维持。通过分析最新观点和研究热点，我们对DE发病机制中的免疫调节机制进行了系统的介绍，并为DE的防治提供参考。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Dry eye(DE)is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder arising from numerous pathologies. The pathogenesis of DE includes immune inflammation, oxidative stress, changes in tear film composition, corneal nerve abnormalities, and meibomian gland dysfunction. Among them, the immune inflammatory response is the most crucial in the pathogenesis of DE, which is regulated by both innate and acquired immune responses on the ocular surface. Multiple environmental stresses trigger the ocular surface innate immune response leading to corneal epithelial cell damage and inflammation and activate acquired immunity to participate in the ocular surface immune inflammatory response. Currently, multiple immune cells and inflammatory factors have been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of DE. This article reviewed the immune progress and focused on the initiation and maintenance of acquired immunity in DE. Through the analysis of the latest viewpoints and research hot spots, we systematically introduced the immunomodulating mechanism underlying the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of DE and provided references for the prevention and treatment of DE.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金项目(No.82271054)
