目的：通过光相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)测量新疆维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族、回族健康人黄斑区浅层毛细血管丛(SCP)血流密度(VD)、深层毛细血管丛(DCP)VD以及黄斑中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积、周长、圆度指数等参数，探讨国内不同民族间健康人黄斑区血流参数的差异性。

方法：选取2022-12/2023-03于伊犁哈萨克自治州友谊医院眼科中心就诊且符合纳排标准的四族健康受试者各80例80眼共320眼为研究对象。根据族别分组编号，使用自动验光仪及IOL生物测量仪获取等效球镜及眼轴，使用DRI Triton OCT检测仪获取黄斑区3 mm×3 mm范围的血流图像并通过内置的IMAGENET6软件对图像进行分析获取各项血流参数，对比不同民族间各项血流参数的差异以及性别、年龄、眼轴对不同民族人群黄斑区血流参数的影响。

结果：四组性别、年龄、眼轴、屈光度、图像质量(IQ)无差异(均P>0.05)。族别差异：SCP中，维吾尔族下方VD大于哈萨克族，回族下方VD大于汉族、哈萨克族，汉族、回族鼻侧VD大于维吾尔族，哈萨克族中央凹VD大于汉族、回族，哈萨克族FAZ面积小于其它3个民族，汉族、回族FAZ周长大于哈萨克族，回族FAZ圆度指数小于其它3个民族； DCP中，维吾尔族中央凹VD大于汉族、回族，哈萨克族中央凹VD大于汉族、回族，哈萨克族FAZ面积、周长小于其它3个民族，哈萨克族FAZ圆度指数大于其它3个民族(均P<0.05)。性别差异：SCP中，汉族女性FAZ面积、周长大于男性，回族女性FAZ圆度指数大于男性(均P<0.05)； DCP中，四族女性旁中央凹VD及整体VD均大于男性(均P<0.05)。年龄相关性分析：SCP中，年龄与哈萨克族FAZ圆度指数呈负相关； DCP中，年龄与汉族、哈萨克族、回族旁中央凹、整体VD呈负相关(均P<0.05)。眼轴相关性分析：SCP中，眼轴与哈萨克族、回族中央凹VD，回族旁中央凹VD，维吾尔族、哈萨克族、回族整体VD呈负相关，与哈萨克族FAZ面积、周长呈正相关； DCP中，眼轴与维吾尔族、哈萨克族、回族中央凹VD、回族整体VD呈负相关，与哈萨克族、回族FAZ面积、周长呈正相关(均P<0.05)。

结论：维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族、回族健康人群间黄斑区血流参数存在差异，其中哈萨克族FAZ面积、周长明显小于其它三族。黄斑区血流参数与性别、年龄、眼轴相关。

METHODS: A total of 80 cases(80 eyes)of healthy subjects if each of the four ethnic groups who went to the Eye Center of the Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazak autonomous Prefecture from December 2022 to March 2023 and met the criteria were selected for the study, with 320 eyes totally. The patients were grouped and numbered according to their ethnicity, and the spherical equivalent and axial length were obtained by using an autorefractor and IOL Master. The blood flow images of the macular area in the range of 3 mm×3 mm were obtained by using a DRI Triton OCT detector, and the images were analyzed by using the built-in IMAGENET6 software to obtain the blood flow parameters. Furthermore, the differences in the blood flow parameters between different ethnic groups as well as the effects of gender, age, and axial length on macular blood flow parameters of different ethnic groups were compared.

RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, axial length, diopter, and image quality(IQ)among the four groups of subjects(all P>0.05). Ethnic differences: in SCP, Uyghur inferior VD is higher than Kazakh, Hui inferior VD is higher than Han and Kazakh, Han and Hui nasal VD is higher than Uyghur, Kazakh foveal VD is higher than Han and Hui, Kazakh FAZ area is smaller than the other 3 ethnic groups, Han and Hui FAZ perimeter is larger than Kazakh, and Hui FAZ circularity index is lower than the other 3 ethnic groups; in DCP, Uyghur foveal VD is higher than Han and Hui, Kazakh foveal VD is higher than Han and Hui, Kazakh FAZ area and perimeter are smaller than the other 3 ethnic groups and Kazakh FAZ circularity index is higher than the other 3 ethnic groups(all P<0.05). Sex differences: in SCP, FAZ area and perimeter of Han females were larger than those of males, and FAZ circularity index of Hui females was higher than that of males(all P<0.05); in DCP, parafoveal VD and whole VD in females of all four ethnic groups were higher than those of males(all P<0.05). Age correlation: in SCP, age was negatively correlated with the FAZ circularity index of Kazakh; in DCP, age was negatively correlated with the parafoveal and the whole VD of Han, Kazakh, and Hui(all P<0.05). Axial length correlation: in SCP, the axial length was negatively correlated with Kazakh and Hui foveal VD, Hui parafoveal VD, Uyghur, Kazakh and Hui whole VD, and positively correlated with Kazakh FAZ area and perimeter; in DCP, the axial length was negatively correlated with Uyghur, Kazakh, Hui foveal VD, Hui whole VD, and positively correlated with Kazakh and Hui FAZ area and perimeter(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:There were differences in macular blood flow parameters among the Uyghur, Han, Kazakh, and Hui populations, with the area and perimeter of the FAZ of the Kazakh significantly smaller than those of the other three ethnic groups. Gender, age, and axial length are also related to macular blood flow parameters.