目的：探讨飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)治疗近视性屈光参差的临床效果。

方法：回顾性分析2021-01/2022-12于本院行SMILE或FS-LASIK治疗的近视性屈光参差患者76例146眼的临床资料，根据手术方式分为SMILE组(39例77眼)和FS-LASIK组(37例69眼)。比较两组患者术后1 wk，1、3 mo裸眼视力(UCVA)、屈光度、屈光参差度、角膜像差及术后并发症发生情况。

结果：两组患者术后UCVA均较术前改善，彗差、三叶草、球差、总高阶像差均较术前显著增加(P<0.05)，且FS-LASIK组患者彗差、三叶草、球差、总高阶像差显著高于SMILE组(P<0.05)。随访至术后3mo，SMILE组术后并发症发生率显著低于FS-LASIK组(5.2% vs 15.9%，P<0.05)。

结论：SMILE与FS-LASIK均可有效提高近视性屈光参差患者UCVA，改善视觉质量，但SMILE术后角膜高阶像差更低、并发症发生率更小，整体效果更好。

METHODS: Clinical data of 76 patients(146 eyes)with myopic anisometropia who received SMILE or femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into SMILE group(39 cases, 77 eyes)and FS-LASIK group(37 cases, 69 eyes)according to surgical methods. Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), diopter, anisometropia, corneal aberration and occurrence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups at 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo after surgery.

RESULTS: The UCVA of the two groups was improved after surgery compared with that before surgery, and the coma, trefoil, spherical aberration and total higher-order aberration were significantly increased compared to those before surgery(P<0.05), and the coma, trefoil, spherical aberration and total higher-order aberration in the FS-LASIK group were significantly higher than those in the SMILE group(P<0.05). After follow-up to 3 mo after surgery, the incidence of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the SMILE group than that in the FS-LASIK group(5.2% vs 15.9%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Both SMILE and FS-LASIK can effectively enhance the UCVA and improve the visual quality in patients with myopic anisometropia, but SMILE has lower corneal higher order aberrations, lower incidence of postoperative complications and better overall effect.