[关键词]
[摘要]
飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)是一种用于治疗屈光不正的无瓣飞秒激光辅助屈光手术。自2011年首次发表关于SMILE手术的研究以来，这种微创屈光手术因其无需制作角膜瓣，从而避免了相关并发症，已经迅速在眼科界受到青睐。此项创新性技术的优势包括：对角膜生物力学影响小、降低干眼风险以及减少基质层暴露。其在治疗近视和近视散光方面具有稳定性、安全性和有效性。尽管具有诸多优势，但该技术的实施仍具挑战性，并可能有各种术后并发症，如：干眼、感染性角膜炎、弥漫性板层角膜炎、暂时性光敏感综合征、角膜扩张、压力诱导层间基质角膜、角膜上皮内生、视觉相关变化等。为了获得最佳的屈光效果，应早期识别和适当的处理相关并发症。文章对SMILE术后各种并发症的危险因素、临床特点、处理及预防作一综述。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)is a flapless femtosecond laser-assisted refractive surgery, which is applied in the treatment of refractive errors. Since the earliest publications about SMILE in 2011, the concept of a refractive surgery performed through a small incision without the complications associated with the flap creation, has led to an increased interest in the ophthalmologic field. Lower impact on corneal biomechanical, less dry eye risk and less stromal layer exposure were some benefits this innovative technique had aroused. It is also stable, safe and effective in treating myopia and myopic astigmatism. Despite of the advantages, the implementation of SMILE is challenging, and various postoperative complications can emerge, including dry eye, infectious keratitis, diffuse lamellar keratitis, transient light sensitivity syndrome, corneal ectasia, pressure induced stromal keratitis, epithelial ingrowth, vision-related changes, etc. Early recognition and proper management of these complications are necessary for optimizing refractive outcomes. This article reviews the risk factors, clinical features, management and prevention of various complications focusing on SMILE.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82000926); 甘肃省卫生健康行业科研项目(No.GSWSKY2022-05); 联勤保障部队第九四○医院院基金项目(No.2021yxky033,2023YXKY011,2023YXKY033)
