目的：分析2019-2022年上海市杨浦区视力残疾患者致盲和低视力的原因。

方法：采用横断面研究方法，选取2019-04/2022-12于上海市杨浦区控江医院参加视力残疾评定的患者1 604例为研究对象，由经过培训的医生确定视力残疾的等级和主要致盲和低视力的原因。

结果：共鉴定出视力残疾患者804例，60岁及以上者占87.31%。致残病因依次为高度近视性视网膜病变(30.47%)、年龄相关性黄斑变性(23.26%)、青光眼(17.04%)和糖尿病视网膜病变(11.07%)。青光眼(36.96%)是首位致盲病因。

结论：视力残疾患者以60岁及以上老年人为主，应多关注老年人，针对不同眼部疾病采取分级分类的综合防治和康复手段，早发现、早干预，减少视力残疾的发生。

METHODS:Cross-sectional study. A total of 1 604 patients who participated in the evaluation of visual disability in Shanghai Yangpu District Kongjiang Hospital, from April 2019 to December 2022 were selected for the study. The grade of visual disability and the main causes of blindness and low vision were determined by trained doctors.

RESULTS:A total of 804 patients with visual disabilities were identified, with 87.31% aged 60 and above. The causes of visual disability were high myopic retinopathy(30.47%), age-related macular degeneration(23.26%), glaucoma(17.04%), and diabetic retinopathy(11.07%). Glaucoma(36.96%)is the leading cause of blindness.

CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with visual disability are aged 60 years and above. More attention should be paid to the elderly population. Comprehensive prevention, treatment and rehabilitation measures should be applied in different diseases based on classification, so as to early reduce the occurrence of visual disability.