In recent years, with the rapid development of radiological medical imaging technology, gamma knife surgery has been improved. With more accurate focusing and more precise radiation dose design, gamma knife surgery significantly reduced the complication rate, and it can treat a wider range of diseases. Currently, the application of gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery in ophthalmology has increased, and better outcomes have been obtained in the treatment of ocular diseases. For eye diseases that are difficult to operate on, the gamma knife surgery controls tumor growth while avoiding surgery damage. It has advantages in terms of improved appearance, treatment cost and psychological trauma, and can be used as a preferred method for treating ophthalmic diseases or as an adjunctive treatment after surgery. This article provides an overview on the application history, therapeutic principles, treatment in ophthalmic diseases and complications of gamma knife, in order to contribute to the further application of the gamma knife in ophthalmology.