目的：研究Dem、轴率比与3-14岁儿童屈光状态的关系，比较Dem、轴率比预测近视的效率，探寻定量预测儿童屈光状态更为有效的方法。

方法：横断面研究。收集2021-03/2022-12就诊于西安市第一医院眼科门诊的3-14岁儿童共519例519眼(均取右眼数据)。于睫状肌麻痹验光前采集眼球生物测量数据，记录眼轴长度(AL)、角膜曲率(K值)、Dem、睫状肌麻痹后等效球镜度数(SER)等，SER≤-0.50 D判断为近视。

结果：3-14岁儿童SER与Dem呈正相关(r=0.88，P<0.01)，与AL/CR比值呈负相关(r=-0.87，P<0.01)。Dem、AL/CR截点分别为20.40 D、3.02，当Dem≤20.40 D或AL/CR≥3.02时可判断为近视。Dem每减小1 D，SER减小0.57 D，AL/CR每增加0.06，SER减小1.00 D。ROC曲线下面积(AUC)Dem(0.958)>AL/CR(0.940)。

结论：3-14岁儿童SER与Dem呈正相关，与AL/CR呈负相关，预判近视的效率Dem优于AL/CR。眼球生物测量仪可直接提供Dem，且Dem与SER量效关系更便于计算，用于预测儿童SER更为便捷。

METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 519 children aged 3 to 14, including 519 eyes(data from the right eyes were used). All participants were out-patients at the ophthalmic clinic of Xi'an No.1 Hospital from March 2021 to December 2022. The axial length(AL), keratometry(K), Dem, and spherical equivalent refraction(SER)were recorded before ciliary paralysis, and myopia was defined when the SER ≤-0.50 D.

RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between SER and Dem(r=0.88, P<0.01), and a negative correlation between SER and the AL/CR ratio(r=-0.87, P<0.01)in children aged 3-14. The optimal cutoff points for the Dem and AL/CR ratio were 20.40 D, and 3.02, respectively. Myopia could be diagnosed when the Dem ≤20.40 D or the AL/CR ratio ≥3.02. SER decreased by 0.57 D for every 1 D decrease in Dem and by 1.00 D for every 0.06 increase in the AL/CR ratio. The area under the ROC curve(AUC)for Dem(0.958)was significantly greater than that for the AL/CR ratio(0.940).

CONCLUSION: There is a positive correlation between SER and Dem, and a negative correlation between SER and the AL/CR ratio in children aged 3-14. Dem is more efficient than the AL/CR ratio in myopia assessment. The eye biometrics directly provide Dem values, which is more convenient for calculating the dose-effect relationship with SER, thus making it more efficient for predicting SER in children.